Newt Gingrich

Newt Gingrich is an American Republican politician who served as Speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives from 1995 to 1999 and helped lead its Republican takeover in 1994.

Bill Clinton: Bill Clinton was the 42nd president of the United States, serving from 1993 to 2001. Their clashes over budgets and federal policy defined much of Gingrich’s speakership.
Contract with America: The Contract with America was a 1994 Republican platform listing legislative proposals for the first hundred days of a new House majority. Gingrich helped make this shared agenda the centerpiece of the 1994 Republican campaign.
1995 United States federal government shutdowns: The 1995–1996 federal government shutdowns were funding lapses caused by budget conflicts between President Bill Clinton and congressional Republicans. Gingrich’s confrontation with Clinton over spending helped precipitate the shutdowns.
Sam Rayburn: Sam Rayburn was a Democratic congressman from Texas who served as House speaker for 17 years across several periods. Rayburn’s relationship-driven leadership contrasts with Gingrich’s more confrontational, media-focused approach.
Bob Dole: Bob Dole was a Republican senator from Kansas and the party’s 1996 presidential nominee. Dole’s Senate leadership sometimes diverged from Gingrich’s confrontational House strategy.
Republican Revolution: The Republican Revolution was the 1994 election that gave Republicans control of the U.S. House for the first time since 1955. Gingrich was the party’s most prominent strategist in the campaign that produced this takeover.
Impeachment of Bill Clinton: The impeachment of Bill Clinton was the 1998 House proceeding that charged the president with perjury and obstruction of justice. Gingrich’s speakership ended amid Republican losses following the House’s impeachment of Clinton.
Tip O’Neill: Tip O’Neill was a Democratic congressman from Massachusetts who served as House speaker from 1977 to 1987. O’Neill’s era of cross-party bargaining provides a contrast to Gingrich’s sharper partisan tactics.
Dick Armey: Dick Armey was a Republican congressman from Texas who served as House majority leader from 1995 to 2003. As majority leader, Armey was Gingrich’s principal partner in directing the House Republican agenda.
C-SPAN: C-SPAN is a nonprofit television network that broadcasts proceedings and public affairs from the U.S. government. Gingrich used televised House sessions to project partisan messages beyond the chamber.

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