Nickel–cadmium battery

A rechargeable battery with a cadmium negative electrode and a nickel oxyhydroxide positive electrode. Its robust chemistry tolerates high discharge rates and repeated cycling, but cadmium is toxic.

Nickel–cadmium battery discharge reaction: The overall electrochemical reaction that converts charged nickel–cadmium cell materials into discharged products. Shows how cadmium oxidation and nickel oxyhydroxide reduction deliver electrical current.
Aviation battery: A battery designed to supply electrical power in aircraft. Nickel–cadmium batteries have been used in aircraft for high-power output and tolerance of demanding conditions.
Nickel–metal hydride battery: A rechargeable battery that uses a hydrogen-absorbing alloy negative electrode and a nickel oxyhydroxide positive electrode. It offers a similar nominal voltage while avoiding cadmium and generally storing more energy.
Cadmium toxicity: The harmful effects of cadmium exposure on human health and other organisms. Cadmium’s toxicity makes battery leakage and improper disposal serious hazards.
Waldemar Jungner: A Swedish engineer who developed nickel-based rechargeable battery systems around the turn of the twentieth century. His nickel–cadmium cell established the chemistry that this battery uses.
Nickel hydroxide: An inorganic compound used as the active material in nickel-based battery electrodes. It forms as the positive electrode is discharged and is regenerated during charging.
Emergency lighting: Lighting that operates when normal power fails or is unavailable. Long service life and dependable standby operation have made nickel–cadmium cells useful in emergency systems.
Lithium-ion battery: A rechargeable battery that stores energy through lithium-ion movement between host materials. Its higher energy density and lack of cadmium helped it replace nickel–cadmium in many portable devices.
Battery recycling: The collection and processing of batteries to recover materials or manage hazardous components. Recycling keeps cadmium out of ordinary waste and can recover valuable metals.
Thomas Edison: An American inventor and entrepreneur who developed and commercialized electric technologies. Edison’s work on alkaline storage batteries helped expand industrial interest in nickel-based rechargeable cells.

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