Nicosia

Nicosia is the capital and largest city of Cyprus, divided between the Republic of Cyprus and the Turkish-controlled north. It is the world’s last divided capital.

Ledra Street: A central Nicosia street that crosses the UN-monitored buffer zone through a pedestrian crossing. Its crossing became a visible sign of movement reopening across the divided city.
Cyprus dispute: The political conflict over Cyprus’s governance, security, territory, and competing national claims. The dispute explains why Nicosia remains split between rival administrations.
Makarios III: The archbishop and politician who led the Republic of Cyprus as its first president from 1960 to 1977. His presidency shaped the young republic whose capital is Nicosia.
Republic of Cyprus: An independent island country in the eastern Mediterranean, established in 1960 and internationally recognized as Cyprus. Its government administers the southern part of Nicosia and is based in the city.
Venetian Walls of Nicosia: A sixteenth-century fortification enclosing Nicosia’s historic center, built by the Republic of Venice. The walls still define the old city’s shape and contain gates on both sides of the divide.
Green Line (Cyprus): The ceasefire line and UN-monitored buffer zone separating the island’s Greek Cypriot and Turkish Cypriot areas. It runs through Nicosia and physically separates the city’s two sides.
Rauf Denktaş: A Turkish Cypriot leader who became the founding president of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus. His leadership helped establish the Turkish Cypriot administration based in northern Nicosia.
Northern Cyprus: The northern part of Cyprus administered by the self-declared Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, recognized only by Turkey. Its administration governs the northern districts of the divided city.
Lusignan Cyprus: The medieval kingdom ruled by the Lusignan dynasty on Cyprus from 1192 to 1489. Nicosia became the kingdom’s capital and gained many of its medieval institutions.
United Nations Buffer Zone in Cyprus: A demilitarized zone monitored by the United Nations between the island’s opposing forces. UN peacekeepers monitor the buffer zone where it divides the capital.

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