Nitrosyl chloride

Nitrosyl chloride (NOCl) is a yellow, reactive inorganic compound formed from nitric oxide and chlorine. It serves as a reagent in organic synthesis and as an intermediate in chemical processes.

Nitric oxide: Nitric oxide (NO) is a colorless, reactive radical gas composed of one nitrogen and one oxygen atom. It combines with chlorine to form nitrosyl chloride.
Nitrosation of amines: Nitrosation of amines introduces an –NO group onto nitrogen in suitable amine compounds. NOCl is one reagent capable of nitrosating amines.
Nitrogen monoxide: Nitrogen monoxide is the systematic name for nitric oxide, NO. It is the nitrogen oxide component from which NOCl forms with chlorine.
Nitrosyl bromide: Nitrosyl bromide is the nitrosyl halide NOBr, containing bromine instead of chlorine. It is the closest halide analogue of NOCl, with different halogen reactivity.
Chlorine: Chlorine is a reactive halogen that exists as diatomic molecules under ordinary conditions. Molecular chlorine reacts with nitric oxide to produce NOCl.
Diazotization: Diazotization converts a primary aromatic amine into an arenediazonium salt. NOCl can generate nitrosating conditions used for aromatic amine diazotization.
Nitrogen oxides: Nitrogen oxides are compounds containing nitrogen and oxygen, including NO, NO₂, and N₂O. NOCl belongs to the wider chemistry of reactive nitrogen–oxygen species.
Nitryl chloride: Nitryl chloride is the inorganic compound ClNO₂, containing a nitryl group and chlorine. Its extra oxygen distinguishes it from nitrosyl chloride despite similar names.
Nitrosyl group: The nitrosyl group is the NO unit when treated as a coordinated or bonded chemical group. The NO unit gives NOCl its characteristic nitrosyl chemistry.
Alkene nitrosylation: Alkene nitrosylation adds nitrosyl-derived functionality across a carbon–carbon double bond. NOCl reacts with alkenes to form products bearing nitrogen- and chlorine-containing groups.

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