Nobelium

Nobelium is a synthetic radioactive actinide element with atomic number 102. Its most stable known isotope, nobelium-259, has a half-life of about 58 minutes.

Actinide: An actinide is a metallic element in the series from actinium to lawrencium, characterized by filling 5f orbitals. Nobelium is the eleventh member of this radioactive element series.
Nuclear fusion: Nuclear fusion combines atomic nuclei into a heavier nucleus, releasing or absorbing energy depending on the nuclei involved. Fusion reactions between heavy ions can create nobelium nuclei.
Nobelium discovery controversy: The nobelium discovery controversy concerns competing claims and experiments that established the element’s discovery and naming. The element’s history is unusually complex because early reports from several laboratories were incorrect or disputed.
Actinide chemistry: Actinide chemistry studies the chemical properties and reactions of elements from actinium through lawrencium. Nobelium experiments reveal how chemical behavior changes near the end of the actinide series.
Atomic number: Atomic number is the number of protons in an atom’s nucleus and determines which chemical element it is. Nobelium’s 102 protons distinguish it from every other element.
Heavy-ion reaction: A heavy-ion reaction is a collision involving atomic nuclei heavier than helium nuclei. Accelerated heavy ions provide routes to synthesize nobelium isotopes.
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research: The Joint Institute for Nuclear Research is an international research center in Dubna, Russia, founded in 1956. Dubna researchers produced and identified nobelium in experiments later recognized as the discovery.
Single-atom chemistry: Single-atom chemistry investigates chemical properties using individual atoms or extremely small numbers of atoms. Nobelium’s scarcity and brief lifetime require chemical studies at near single-atom scales.
Transactinide element: A transactinide is a chemical element with atomic number greater than 103. Nobelium borders the region of elements whose chemistry is strongly affected by relativistic effects.
Particle accelerator: A particle accelerator uses electromagnetic fields to propel charged particles to high speeds or energies. Accelerators deliver the ion beams used in nobelium-producing experiments.

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MendeleviumRelated: It immediately follows mendelevium and helps frame its place among neighboring actinides.