North Macedonia

North Macedonia is a landlocked country in southeastern Europe, renamed from Macedonia in 2019 after an agreement with Greece. Its capital and largest city is Skopje.

Republic of Macedonia: The constitutional name used by the independent country from 1991 until its 2019 renaming. This was the country’s official name before the Prespa Agreement took effect.
Politics of North Macedonia: The parliamentary political system and institutions of North Macedonia. It explains how the country’s constitutional government operates.
Kiro Gligorov: The first president of independent Macedonia, serving from 1991 to 1999. He led the country through independence and its first years outside Yugoslavia.
Skopje: The capital and largest city of North Macedonia, located on the Vardar River. It concentrates national government, cultural institutions, and much of the country’s urban life.
Macedonia naming dispute: A dispute between Greece and Macedonia over the latter’s name and its historical and political implications. This conflict explains why the country adopted the name North Macedonia.
Socialist Republic of Macedonia: A constituent republic of socialist Yugoslavia from 1944 to 1991. Its institutions and borders formed the basis of the independent state.
Assembly of North Macedonia: The unicameral legislature of North Macedonia, responsible for legislation and parliamentary oversight. The Assembly is the central lawmaking institution in the country’s parliamentary system.
Zoran Zaev: A Macedonian politician who served as prime minister from 2017 to 2020 and from 2020 to 2022. His government negotiated the Prespa Agreement and implemented the name change.
Lake Ohrid: A deep ancient lake on the border between North Macedonia and Albania. Its biodiversity and historic lakeside settlements make it a major conservation and tourism destination.
Macedonia (region): A historical and geographic region of southeastern Europe spanning parts of several present-day countries. The country occupies only part of a broader region whose name is shared across borders.

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