North Yemen Civil War

The 1962–1970 war in the Yemen Arab Republic pitted royalists seeking to restore the imamate against republicans who had overthrown it.

1962 Yemeni coup d'état: A military coup that overthrew Imam Muhammad al-Badr and proclaimed the Yemen Arab Republic in September 1962. The coup triggered the royalist-republican conflict.
Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen: The kingdom ruled by Yemen's imams from 1918 until the 1962 revolution. The republicans' coup ended this monarchy and prompted royalist resistance.
Gamal Abdel Nasser: Egypt's president from 1956 to 1970 and a leading advocate of Arab nationalism. He committed Egyptian forces to defend Yemen's republican government.
Siege of Sana'a: The royalist siege of Yemen's republican capital from November 1967 to February 1968, broken by republican forces. The failed siege marked a decisive republican survival after Egyptian withdrawal.
Egyptian intervention in the North Yemen Civil War: Egypt's military campaign in support of Yemen's republican government during the civil war. Egyptian troops and aircraft became the republicans' principal external military support.
Yemen imamate: A Zaydi Shi'a religious-political institution in which an imam governed Yemen as both spiritual and temporal leader. Royalist forces fought to restore the imamate's authority.
Faisal of Saudi Arabia: King of Saudi Arabia from 1964 to 1975, who opposed Egyptian influence in Yemen and supported the royalists. His policy made Saudi Arabia a central backer of the royalist side.
Republican consolidation in Yemen: The process by which republican leaders secured control of the Yemen Arab Republic after the civil war. The 1970 settlement enabled royalist accommodation and a more stable republican government.
Saudi Arabian intervention in the North Yemen Civil War: Saudi Arabia's covert support for royalist forces seeking to restore the Yemeni imamate. Saudi aid countered Egyptian backing and helped sustain royalist resistance.
Muhammad al-Badr: The last imam and king of Yemen, deposed in the 1962 coup and leader of the royalist cause. His survival and escape helped turn the coup into a prolonged war.

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