Noun

A noun is a word class whose members typically name entities, including people, places, objects, and ideas. Nouns can serve as subjects or objects and often combine with determiners.

Noun phrase: A phrase built around a noun or pronoun that functions as a unit in a sentence. Nouns commonly head these phrases, which can fill subject and object positions.
Pronoun: A word that can refer to a participant or entity without naming it with a lexical noun. Pronouns often occupy the same sentence positions as nouns but are usually treated as a separate class.
Proper noun: A noun used as the distinctive name of a particular person, place, or entity. Proper nouns identify individual referents rather than naming a general class.
Parts of speech: Categories that classify words by their grammatical behavior and distribution. Noun is one traditional part of speech, defined differently across linguistic frameworks.
Number (linguistics): A grammatical category distinguishing quantities such as singular and plural. Many nouns mark whether they denote one entity or more than one.
Verb: A word class that typically expresses an action, occurrence, or state. Verbs head predicates, while nouns commonly name participants or other entities.
Common noun: A noun that names a class of entities rather than a unique individual by name. Common nouns provide the general labels that proper nouns distinguish particular entities from.
Lexical category: A class of words defined by shared grammatical properties, such as noun or verb. The noun category is analyzed as a lexical category in many grammatical theories.
Grammatical gender: A system that assigns nouns to classes affecting agreement with other words. In gendered languages, noun class can govern the forms of articles and adjectives.
Adjective: A word class that typically modifies a noun or describes a property. Adjectives often occur beside nouns but contribute descriptions rather than entity names.

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English verbsCompared with: Nouns can name actions too, but they occupy different grammatical roles from verbs.