Knowra Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases Nutritional and metabolic diseases result from inadequate or excessive nutrient intake or from disorders of the body's biochemical processes. They include deficiency states, excess-related conditions, and inherited or acquired metabolic disorders.
Human nutrition : The study of how food and nutrients support human health, growth, and bodily function. It provides the framework for understanding diseases caused by too little or too much of a nutrient.
Kwashiorkor : A form of severe acute malnutrition associated with nutritional edema and systemic complications. It illustrates severe malnutrition in which edema is a defining clinical feature.
Malnutrition : A state of deficient, excessive, or imbalanced energy or nutrient intake that harms health. It describes the nutritional pathway from inadequate or unbalanced intake to disease.
Medical nutrition therapy : The use of individualized nutrition interventions to manage disease and support health. It applies dietary planning to conditions caused or worsened by nutrient imbalance.
Global malnutrition : The worldwide burden of undernutrition and diet-related excess or imbalance. It captures how these diseases shape health across populations and regions.
Metabolism : The chemical reactions that sustain life by transforming substances and transferring energy within organisms. Disorders of these reactions form the second major source of diseases in this category.
Scurvy : A disease caused by prolonged vitamin C deficiency, impairing collagen formation and wound healing. It is a classic, specific disease caused by a single nutrient deficiency.
Inborn errors of metabolism : Inherited disorders caused by defects in enzymes, transporters, or other components of metabolic pathways. They illustrate metabolic disease arising from a specific inherited biochemical defect.
Newborn screening : Testing shortly after birth to identify conditions for which early intervention can prevent serious harm. It can detect certain inherited metabolic diseases before symptoms appear.
Food insecurity : Limited or uncertain access to adequate, safe, and nutritious food. It increases the risk of nutrient deficiencies and diet-related illness.
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