Occupational cancer

Occupational cancer is cancer caused or promoted by exposure to hazardous agents or conditions encountered at work. It can arise years or decades after exposure.

Carcinogenesis: The multistage process by which normal cells acquire changes that allow cancer to develop. Occupational exposures can trigger or accelerate the stages that turn damaged cells into tumors.
Occupational epidemiology: The study of how workplace conditions affect the health of working populations. It identifies cancer patterns and tests whether workplace exposures explain them.
Percivall Pott: An English surgeon whose 1775 account linked chimney soot exposure to scrotal cancer in chimney sweeps. His observation is an early landmark in identifying cancer caused by work.
Environmental cancer: Cancer associated with exposures in the general environment, outside or beyond specific workplace settings. It involves overlapping carcinogens, but exposure pathways and prevention responsibilities differ from workplace settings.
DNA adduct: A chemical group covalently attached to DNA, potentially disrupting replication or causing mutations. Some workplace chemicals form DNA adducts that leave mutations in exposed tissues.
Silicosis: A lung disease caused by inhaling respirable crystalline silica dust. Silica-exposed workers face increased lung cancer risk alongside this occupational lung disease.
Chimney sweep's cancer: Scrotal cancer associated with prolonged exposure to soot among chimney sweeps. It was the first widely recognized cancer linked to an occupational exposure.
Tobacco smoking: The inhalation of smoke produced by burning tobacco, exposing users to numerous toxic and carcinogenic chemicals. Smoking can dominate individual lung cancer risk and complicate estimates of occupational contributions.
Asbestos: A group of naturally occurring fibrous minerals used historically in insulation and other materials. Inhaled fibers can persist in the lungs and contribute to mesothelioma and lung cancer.
Bladder cancer: Cancer arising in the tissues of the urinary bladder, most often its lining. Aromatic amines used in some industries are established causes of occupational bladder cancer.

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