Knowra Online harassment Online harassment Online harassment is repeated or targeted abusive behavior conducted through digital communication. It can include threats, humiliation, unwanted contact, or coordinated attacks.
Cyberstalking : A pattern of repeated online monitoring, contact, or threats that causes fear or distress. Persistent surveillance and unwanted contact are common ways harassment follows someone across platforms.
Online abuse against women : Digital abuse that targets women, often using gendered insults, threats, or sexualized harassment. Gendered attacks are a widespread pattern within online harassment.
Trolling : Online behavior intended to provoke, upset, or derail others, often through inflammatory posts. Trolling may be disruptive without the repeated targeting that characterizes harassment.
Psychological trauma : Lasting psychological harm following an event or series of events experienced as threatening or overwhelming. Persistent threats and humiliation can produce serious and lasting distress.
Doxing : The publication of private identifying information without consent, often to expose someone to harm. Harassers may publish personal details to invite intimidation or offline danger.
Image-based sexual abuse : The nonconsensual creation, sharing, or threatened sharing of intimate images. Threatening to distribute intimate images can serve as coercion and harassment.
Hate speech : Expression that attacks, demeans, or incites hostility toward people based on group identity. Harassment describes a pattern of conduct; hate speech describes content targeting identity groups.
Self-censorship : The withholding or alteration of expression because of anticipated consequences. Targets may withdraw from public discussion to avoid further attacks.
Cyberbullying : Bullying carried out through digital technologies, often among young people and through repeated social aggression. It is a prominent form of online harassment, especially in school and peer settings.
Swatting : A false emergency report intended to provoke an armed law-enforcement response at a target’s location. This severe form of digital targeting can turn online abuse into immediate physical danger.
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