Operation Reinhard

Operation Reinhard was Nazi Germany’s 1942–1943 campaign to murder Jews in occupied Poland, chiefly at the extermination camps Bełżec, Sobibór, and Treblinka.

Bełżec extermination camp: A Nazi German extermination camp in occupied Poland where most deportees were murdered in gas chambers. It was one of the three principal killing centers established for the campaign.
Holocaust in Poland: The persecution and mass murder of Jews by Nazi Germany in occupied Poland during the Second World War. Operation Reinhard was a central phase of the Holocaust in Poland.
Christian Wirth: An SS officer who supervised the construction and early operation of the Operation Reinhard extermination camps. He helped impose the killing methods developed at the camps.
Warsaw Ghetto: A sealed Jewish district in occupied Warsaw, where hundreds of thousands were imprisoned under German rule. Mass deportations from the ghetto sent tens of thousands to Treblinka.
Holocaust: The genocide of European Jews by Nazi Germany and its collaborators during the Second World War. Operation Reinhard was one campaign within the broader genocide.
Sobibór extermination camp: A Nazi German extermination camp in occupied Poland, where deportees were murdered in gas chambers. It was a principal killing center and the site of a prisoner uprising in 1943.
Nazi occupation of Poland: German rule over occupied Polish territories from the 1939 invasion until the end of the Second World War. German occupation created the coercive setting for ghettos, deportations, and killing centers.
Franz Stangl: An Austrian SS officer who commanded the Sobibór and Treblinka extermination camps. His commands linked two of the campaign’s principal killing centers.
Warsaw Ghetto Uprising: An armed Jewish resistance revolt against German forces in the Warsaw Ghetto in April and May 1943. It followed deportations to Treblinka and the German effort to liquidate the ghetto.
Auschwitz-Birkenau: The largest Nazi concentration and extermination camp complex, located in German-occupied Poland. Unlike the Operation Reinhard camps, Auschwitz combined mass murder with a large concentration-camp system.

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