Knowra Oppositional defiant disorder Oppositional defiant disorder Oppositional defiant disorder is a childhood behavioral disorder involving a persistent pattern of angry or irritable mood, argumentative or defiant behavior, and vindictiveness. Its symptoms cause distress or interfere with relationships, school, or other functioning.
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders : The American Psychiatric Association’s manual classifying mental disorders and setting diagnostic criteria. Its criteria define the symptom pattern and duration used to diagnose oppositional defiant disorder.
Coercive family process : A cycle in which escalating conflict between a child and caregiver reinforces forceful behavior by both. Such cycles can maintain oppositional behavior through immediate escape or compliance.
Conduct disorder : A childhood disorder involving a persistent pattern of violating others’ rights or major age-appropriate rules. It involves more serious aggression, destruction, deceit, or rule violations than oppositional defiant disorder.
Parent–child interaction therapy : A behavioral treatment in which therapists coach caregivers during live interactions with their child. It strengthens positive interactions and helps caregivers respond effectively to disruptive behavior.
Callous-unemotional traits : A pattern of limited guilt, empathy, and concern about performance or others’ feelings. Researchers examine whether these traits identify distinct pathways among children with disruptive behavior.
International Classification of Diseases : The World Health Organization’s system for classifying diseases and other health conditions. Its diagnostic framework provides an international counterpart to DSM criteria.
Parent management training : A structured intervention teaching caregivers skills to encourage desirable behavior and respond consistently to problem behavior. It targets interaction patterns that can reinforce defiance and conflict.
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder : A neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity. Impulsive noncompliance can resemble defiance, and both disorders can occur together.
Cognitive behavioral therapy : A psychotherapy that addresses patterns of thinking and behavior contributing to distress or impairment. Child-focused skills can support anger management, problem-solving, and calmer responses to conflict.
Developmental trajectory : The course of change in a person's abilities, behavior, or health over time. Longitudinal studies investigate which childhood patterns persist, remit, or develop into other difficulties.
Show all 27