Orchard

An orchard is a planted area of fruit or nut trees managed for harvest. Its trees are arranged and cared for to produce crops.

Fruit tree: A tree cultivated for its edible fruit. Fruit trees are the main crop in many orchards.
Pruning: The selective removal of plant parts to shape growth, improve health, or influence production. Pruning controls canopy structure and can improve light exposure in orchard trees.
Apple orchard: A planted area of apple trees managed for fruit production. Apple orchards illustrate practices such as cultivar selection, pollination planning, and pruning.
Pollinator decline: A reduction in the abundance or diversity of animals that pollinate plants. Declines in pollinators can threaten fruit set in crops that depend on animal pollination.
Rootstock: The rooted lower portion of a grafted plant, which supports its upper growth. Rootstocks influence orchard tree size, vigor, and adaptability.
Irrigation: The artificial application of water to soil or crops. Irrigation supplies water when rainfall cannot meet orchard trees’ needs.
Citrus orchard: A planted area of citrus trees managed for fruit production. Citrus orchards show how perennial crops are managed in warm climates.
Monoculture: The cultivation of a single crop species or variety over a large area. Large single-crop orchards can concentrate ecological and pest-management risks.
Grafting: A plant-propagation technique that joins tissues from two plants so they grow as one. Grafting lets growers combine a chosen fruit variety with a suitable rootstock.
Integrated pest management: A strategy that combines monitoring and multiple controls to manage pests while limiting harm. Orchard pest control often relies on monitoring and combining biological, cultural, and chemical methods.

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