Oryza

Oryza is a genus of grasses that includes cultivated rice and its wild relatives. Its species are adapted to varied habitats, from wetlands to dry environments.

Asian Rice: Asian rice is the domesticated cereal grass Oryza sativa, cultivated worldwide in diverse forms. It is the principal cultivated species in the genus.
Crop wild relative: A crop wild relative is a wild plant species related to a domesticated crop and potentially useful in breeding. Wild Oryza species are relatives of rice crops and sources of useful variation.
Rice domestication: Rice domestication is the human-driven process by which wild rice populations became cultivated crops. It transformed members of Oryza into staple crops.
Zizania: Zizania is a genus of aquatic grasses native to North America and East Asia, whose seeds are called wild rice. Its common name causes confusion, but it is not part of Oryza.
African Rice: African rice is the domesticated cereal grass Oryza glaberrima, originating in West Africa. It is the genus’s second independently domesticated crop species.
Rice breeding: Rice breeding is the development of rice varieties with desired traits through crossing and selection or other methods. Breeders use Oryza diversity to seek useful traits in cultivated rice.
Domestication syndrome: Domestication syndrome is a recurring suite of inherited changes associated with adaptation to human cultivation. Traits such as reduced seed shattering distinguish cultivated rice from wild Oryza.
Oryza nivara: Oryza nivara is a wild annual Asian rice species closely related to Oryza sativa. Its annual life cycle contrasts with the perennial habit of Oryza rufipogon.
Wild Rice: Wild rice is a common name for several grasses, including species in the genus Oryza and unrelated genera. The name covers Oryza relatives as well as plants outside the genus.
Genetic diversity: Genetic diversity is the range of inherited genetic differences within or among populations and species. The genus contains variation that can broaden rice’s narrow cultivated gene pool.

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