Knowra Osteochondritis dissecans Osteochondritis dissecans Osteochondritis dissecans is a joint disorder in which a fragment of subchondral bone and its overlying cartilage separates from surrounding bone, sometimes becoming unstable or detached.
Subchondral bone : The layer of bone immediately beneath the articular cartilage at a joint surface. The lesion begins in this supporting bone beneath the cartilage fragment.
Osteochondral unit : The functional interface of articular cartilage and the underlying subchondral bone. Osteochondritis dissecans affects both tissues as a connected joint-surface unit.
Knee osteochondritis dissecans : Osteochondritis dissecans affecting the knee, most often on the femoral condyle. The knee is the most commonly affected joint and has well-established imaging and treatment approaches.
Osteochondritis : Inflammation involving bone and cartilage, often near a joint. Despite its name, osteochondritis dissecans is not simply an inflammatory disorder.
Etiology of osteochondritis dissecans : The study of the causes and development of osteochondritis dissecans. Repetitive stress, blood supply, genetics, and growth may contribute, but no single cause explains all cases.
Articular cartilage : Smooth connective tissue covering the ends of bones in movable joints. Its attachment to the affected bone determines whether the fragment remains partly connected.
Epiphysis : The end region of a long bone, separated from its shaft during growth by a growth plate. In children, lesions commonly develop in the epiphyseal bone near a joint.
Ankle osteochondritis dissecans : Osteochondritis dissecans affecting the talar dome of the ankle. Talar lesions can cause persistent ankle pain and may follow trauma.
Osteochondral fracture : A break involving both the cartilage surface and the bone beneath it, usually caused by an acute injury. An acute fracture follows a discrete injury, while osteochondritis dissecans often develops gradually.
Hefti classification : An MRI-based system for staging osteochondritis dissecans lesions, particularly in the knee. Imaging stages help describe lesions, but predicting healing and stability remains difficult.
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