Palestine Liberation Organization

The Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) is a Palestinian political organization founded in 1964 to represent Palestinians and pursue national self-determination. It became an internationally recognized representative of the Palestinian people and later accepted a negotiated two-state framework.

Palestine National Council: The PLO’s representative assembly, composed of Palestinian factions and constituencies. The council established the PLO’s institutional framework at its founding in 1964.
Yasser Arafat: A Palestinian political leader who chaired the PLO from 1969 to 2004. Arafat became the PLO’s defining leader and its principal international representative.
Palestine Liberation Army: The PLO’s military organization, established in 1964. The army was the PLO’s formal military arm, though its forces depended on host states.
United Nations General Assembly Resolution 3236: A 1974 UN resolution affirming Palestinian self-determination, independence, and return rights. The resolution strengthened international recognition of the Palestinian national cause represented by the PLO.
Arab League: A regional organization of Arab states founded in 1945. The Arab League initiated the process that created the PLO.
Mahmoud Abbas: A Palestinian political leader who succeeded Yasser Arafat as PLO chairman. Abbas led the PLO through its post-Arafat diplomacy and institutional challenges.
Palestinian National Authority: An interim Palestinian self-government established under the Oslo Accords in 1994. The PLO created the Authority to administer limited self-government in parts of the territories.
United Nations General Assembly Resolution 3210: A 1974 UN resolution inviting the PLO to participate in General Assembly debates on Palestine. The invitation marked a major step in the PLO’s emergence as an international diplomatic actor.
Palestinian National Charter: The PLO’s founding political document, adopted in 1964 and revised in 1968. Its changing language records the organization’s early goals and later revisions.
George Habash: A Palestinian political leader who founded the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine. Habash’s Marxist faction challenged Fatah’s dominance and shaped PLO politics.

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