Palestine (region)

Palestine is a historical and geographic region on the eastern Mediterranean coast, encompassing present-day Israel and the Palestinian territories and sometimes neighboring areas.

Canaan: An ancient Near Eastern region whose boundaries varied, including much of the southern Levant. Canaan is an earlier regional name associated with much of the land later called Palestine.
Levant: The eastern Mediterranean lands historically linking Anatolia, Mesopotamia, and Egypt. Palestine forms part of this broader eastern Mediterranean region.
Kingdom of Israel: An ancient Israelite kingdom in the southern Levant, traditionally dated from the tenth century BCE. Its history is one of the ancient political layers associated with the region.
Israel: A country in the eastern Mediterranean established in 1948. Israel occupies much of the region but is a modern state, not a synonym for every historical use of Palestine.
Philistia: An ancient coastal territory in the southern Levant associated with the Philistines. The name Palestine is historically connected to the Greek name for the Philistines and their coastal territory.
Mediterranean Sea: A sea connected to the Atlantic Ocean and bordered by southern Europe, North Africa, and western Asia. The sea defines Palestine's western edge and connects its coastal history to wider trade routes.
Kingdom of Judah: An ancient kingdom centered on Jerusalem in the southern Levant. Judah's capital and territory were situated in the region's central highlands.
State of Palestine: A state proclaimed by the Palestine Liberation Organization in 1988 and recognized by many countries. This political designation concerns Palestinian statehood rather than the region's full historical geography.
Syria Palaestina: A Roman province established in the second century CE in the southern Levant. Roman provincial naming helped establish Palestine as a geographic designation beyond Philistia.
Jordan Rift Valley: A geological depression extending from Lebanon through the Jordan Valley to the Gulf of Aqaba. This rift structures the region's eastern landscape and separates highlands from the Jordan basin.

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