Palestinian Authority

The Palestinian Authority is an interim self-governing body established in 1994 under the Oslo Accords to administer parts of the West Bank and Gaza Strip.

Oslo Accords: A series of agreements between Israel and the Palestine Liberation Organization that established a framework for interim Palestinian self-government. The accords created the Authority and set the terms for its limited jurisdiction.
Palestine Liberation Organization: A political organization founded in 1964 to represent Palestinians and pursue national self-determination. The PLO signed the Oslo agreements and authorized the new governing body.
Yasser Arafat: A Palestinian political leader who chaired the PLO and became the first president of the Palestinian Authority. Arafat led the Authority from its establishment until his death in 2004.
Palestinian presidential election, 2005: The election in which Mahmoud Abbas won the presidency of the Palestinian Authority after Yasser Arafat’s death. It transferred the presidency through an election, the Authority’s last presidential vote.
State of Palestine: The political entity proclaimed by the Palestine Liberation Organization in 1988 and recognized as a state by many countries. It claims national statehood, whereas the Authority is an interim administrative body.
Palestinian Legislative Council: The elected legislature created under the Oslo framework to legislate for Palestinians in areas administered by the Authority. It was designed to provide representative lawmaking within the Authority’s interim system.
Declaration of Principles on Interim Self-Government Arrangements: The 1993 Israeli-Palestinian agreement that established a framework for transitional Palestinian self-government. This initial Oslo agreement set the plan that produced the Authority.
Mahmoud Abbas: A Palestinian political leader who succeeded Yasser Arafat as president of the Palestinian Authority in 2005. His presidency has shaped the Authority’s policy and institutions for two decades.
Palestinian legislative election, 2006: The election in which Hamas won a majority of seats in the Palestinian Legislative Council. Its result triggered a political struggle that divided Palestinian governing institutions.
Palestinian government: The executive administration formed by Palestinian political leaders to govern under the Authority’s institutional framework. The government runs executive affairs, while the Authority names the broader interim governing structure.

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