Parent hydride

A hydride selected as the basic structure for naming derivatives formed by replacing its hydrogen atoms or modifying its skeletal atoms.

Hydride: A binary compound of hydrogen with another element, or an anion in which hydrogen carries a negative charge. The parent hydride is selected from the broader family of hydrogen compounds.
Replacement nomenclature: A naming method that indicates replacement of skeletal atoms by other atoms or groups. It describes derivatives made by modifying a parent hydride's skeletal atoms.
Acyclic parent hydrides: Open-chain hydrides used as parent structures in systematic chemical nomenclature. They supply chain frameworks for naming many substituted and skeletal-modified compounds.
Functional class nomenclature: A naming approach that identifies compounds by a functional class and the groups attached to it. It names compounds by functional grouping rather than deriving every name from a parent hydride.
Skeletal atom: An atom that forms part of the connected framework of a molecule. Parent hydrides define a framework whose skeletal atoms may be replaced or modified.
Functional replacement nomenclature: A naming method that expresses functional-group replacement within a parent structure. It captures changes to hydride frameworks through replacement at defined positions.
Cyclic parent hydrides: Ring-shaped hydrides selected as parent structures for naming derivatives. Their ring frameworks serve as parents for derivatives with substituted or altered atoms.
Retained name: A traditional chemical name preserved for accepted use alongside systematic nomenclature. Retained names can bypass the structural derivation that parent-hydride naming makes explicit.
Substitutive nomenclature: A systematic naming method that describes a structure as a parent compound bearing substituent groups. Parent hydrides provide the parent structures used in this naming method.
Hydrogenation: A chemical reaction that adds hydrogen to a molecule, usually across unsaturated bonds. Hydrogenation changes molecular composition by adding hydrogen, unlike naming derivatives by replacing it.

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IUPAC nomenclature of organic chemistryBroader topic: Selecting the parent establishes the framework from which substituents and suffixes are named.