Parhae

Parhae, also known as Balhae, was a kingdom founded in 698 in Manchuria and the northern Korean peninsula. It lasted until its conquest by the Khitan in 926.

Goguryeo: An ancient Korean kingdom that ruled northern Korea and parts of Manchuria from 37 BCE to 668 CE. Many Parhae founders and subjects traced their political and cultural heritage to this kingdom.
Five capitals system: A system of five major administrative centers used by Parhae to govern its territories. The capitals connected the kingdom’s broad territory to a central royal government.
Dae Muye: The third ruler of Parhae, known by the reign title King Mu, who reigned from 719 to 737. His reign saw Parhae assert greater independence and expand its diplomatic reach.
Khitan conquest of Parhae: The Khitan campaign that brought Parhae to an end in 926. The conquest dissolved the kingdom and displaced parts of its population.
Dae Jung-sang: A military leader associated with the revolt that preceded Parhae’s founding. He led forces after Goguryeo’s fall; his son established Parhae.
Parhae administrative divisions: The provincial and prefectural units through which Parhae governed its lands. These divisions show how the kingdom organized rule beyond its capital.
Dae Heum-mu: The tenth ruler of Parhae, known by the reign title King Seon, who reigned from 818 to 830. His rule is often associated with Parhae’s high point in power and prosperity.
Liao dynasty: A Khitan-led dynasty that ruled much of northern China and Mongolia from 辽 907 to 1125. The Khitan state that conquered Parhae later became the Liao dynasty.
Dae Jo-yeong: The founder and first ruler of Parhae, who established the kingdom in 698. His victory over Tang forces enabled the new state to take shape.
Parhae military: The armed forces maintained by Parhae for defense and state expansion. Military strength protected the kingdom’s northern borders and supported its regional influence.

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