Parliamentary sovereignty

Parliamentary sovereignty is the principle that Parliament has supreme legal authority, able to make or repeal any law and not legally bound by earlier Parliaments.

Doctrine of implied repeal: The rule that a later statute prevails over an earlier inconsistent statute when both cannot be applied together. It lets a later Parliament alter ordinary law without expressly repealing every conflicting provision.
Glorious Revolution: The 1688–1689 transfer of power in England that established a constitutional settlement limiting royal authority. Its settlement strengthened Parliament’s position against claims of independent royal power.
Constitutional supremacy: The principle that a constitution is the highest law and can invalidate inconsistent legislation. It reverses the hierarchy in which Parliament’s statutes are legally supreme.
Devolution in the United Kingdom: The transfer of legislative and administrative powers from the UK Parliament to institutions in Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland. Devolved legislatures exercise extensive powers, but their authority derives from Acts of the UK Parliament.
Rule of law: The principle that public power must be exercised according to law and that legal rules constrain government. Courts and scholars debate whether the rule of law can impose limits on Parliament’s authority.
Acts of Parliament: Statutes enacted by the UK Parliament through the legislative process. Under the doctrine, valid Acts are the central expression of Parliament’s lawmaking authority.
Bill of Rights 1689: An English statute that restricted royal powers and affirmed parliamentary privileges after the Glorious Revolution. It established statutory terms for Parliament’s authority over the Crown.
Judicial review: The power of courts to assess whether laws or government actions comply with higher legal rules. Strong-form review can allow courts to set aside statutes, unlike the traditional UK model.
Human Rights Act 1998: A UK statute that gives domestic effect to rights in the European Convention on Human Rights. Courts may declare legislation incompatible with Convention rights but cannot thereby invalidate it.
Constitutional conventions of the United Kingdom: Non-legal rules that guide the conduct of political institutions in the United Kingdom. Conventions constrain political behavior even where courts cannot enforce them as law.

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