Paul Landowski

Paul Landowski (1875–1961) was a French sculptor known for monumental public works, including the principal sculptural design of Christ the Redeemer in Rio de Janeiro.

Christ the Redeemer: A monumental statue of Jesus Christ overlooking Rio de Janeiro, completed in 1931. Landowski modeled the statue’s head and hands for this landmark, designed with engineer Heitor da Silva Costa.
Heitor da Silva Costa: A Brazilian engineer and architect who developed the design for Christ the Redeemer. He led the Rio project and commissioned Landowski to model its sculptural elements.
École des Beaux-Arts: A Paris art school that has trained generations of French artists and architects. Landowski studied sculpture there, receiving formal academic training.
Monument to the Reformers: A monumental Geneva sculpture group commemorating leaders of the Protestant Reformation. Landowski’s collaboration on this international commission extended his public work beyond France.
Sainte-Geneviève Monument: A Paris monument depicting Saint Genevieve protecting the city during the Huns’ invasion. This public work demonstrates Landowski’s use of a historical figure as a civic symbol.
Albert Caquot: A French engineer known for work in aeronautics and structural engineering. He designed the reinforced-concrete structure that supported Christ the Redeemer’s stone surface.
Prix de Rome: A French scholarship competition that historically enabled artists to study in Rome. Winning the sculpture prize in 1900 gave Landowski a period of study in Rome.
War memorial: A structure or artwork commemorating people killed in war. Landowski’s First World War memorials helped define his public reputation and civic role.
Les Fantômes: A First World War memorial sculpture by Landowski, installed on the Butte de Chalmont in France. Its monumental grouping commemorates soldiers who died in the Second Battle of the Marne.
Gaston Bachelard: A French philosopher whose works explored imagination, science, and the elements. Bachelard’s son, sculptor Jean Bachelard, was among Landowski’s students at the Académie Julian.

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