Paul Nurse

Paul Nurse is a British geneticist who shared the 2001 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for discoveries about cell-cycle regulation.

Leland H. Hartwell: Leland H. Hartwell was an American geneticist who shared the 2001 Nobel Prize for discoveries about cell-cycle regulation. Hartwell’s yeast genetics independently revealed genes that control progression through the cell cycle.
Cell cycle: The ordered series of growth and division stages through which a cell duplicates its contents and produces daughter cells. Nurse’s discoveries explain how cells regulate transitions between stages of this process.
Cancer: Cancer is a group of diseases in which abnormal cells grow and spread without normal control. Disrupted cell-cycle regulation is a common feature of cancer.
Royal Society of Edinburgh: The Royal Society of Edinburgh is Scotland’s national academy of science and letters. Nurse became its president in 2012, extending his scientific leadership beyond London.
Tim Hunt: Tim Hunt is a British biochemist who shared the 2001 Nobel Prize for discovering cyclins and their role in cell-cycle regulation. Hunt’s discovery of cyclins complemented Nurse’s work on cell-cycle control.
Schizosaccharomyces pombe: Schizosaccharomyces pombe is a rod-shaped fission yeast widely used in genetics and cell biology. Nurse used this organism to identify genes controlling cell division.
Cell-cycle inhibitor: A cell-cycle inhibitor is a molecule that slows or blocks progression through one or more cell-cycle stages. Nurse’s research on cycle control informs the study of molecules that restrain division.
Science policy: Science policy comprises public decisions about scientific research, institutions, funding, and its social uses. Nurse’s institutional roles made research funding and scientific priorities part of his public work.
Muriel Wheldale Onslow: Muriel Wheldale Onslow was a British biochemist and geneticist known for research on the inheritance of flower color. Nurse’s scientific lineage traces through his doctoral supervisor, geneticist Muriel Wheldale Onslow’s academic tradition.
Cdc2: Cdc2 is a fission-yeast protein kinase that helps drive transitions in the cell cycle. Nurse identified cdc2 mutations that disrupted cell-cycle progression.

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Protein kinaseRelated: His discoveries connected kinase activity to transitions in the cell cycle.