Knowra Pedigree chart Pedigree chart A diagram that records family relationships and the occurrence of traits or disorders across generations. Standard symbols distinguish individuals by sex, relationships, and trait status.
Pedigree symbols : Standard shapes and lines used to represent individuals, relationships, and traits in a family diagram. These symbols encode sex, partnerships, offspring, and affected status in a pedigree chart.
Autosomal dominant inheritance : Inheritance in which one altered allele on a non-sex chromosome can produce a trait. Affected individuals often appear in successive generations in this pattern.
Genetic counseling : A process that helps people understand genetic conditions, testing, inheritance, and reproductive or medical choices. Counselors use family diagrams to explain possible inheritance and recurrence risks.
Genogram : A diagram of family relationships that can include medical, psychological, and social information. A genogram is broader than a pedigree's focus on inheritance and traits.
Genotype : The genetic constitution of an organism, often described by the alleles it carries at particular loci. A person's genotype can explain why a trait appears or skips generations.
Autosomal recessive inheritance : Inheritance in which a trait generally appears when both copies of a non-sex chromosome gene carry relevant variants. Unaffected parents can have an affected child, a recurring pedigree clue.
Family history : Information about health conditions and relationships among a person's relatives across generations. A pedigree organizes family-history details into a form useful for risk assessment.
Family tree : A diagram showing descent and kinship among members of a family. A family tree emphasizes ancestry, while pedigrees commonly track traits or disorders.
Phenotype : An organism's observable characteristics, shaped by its genotype and environment. Pedigrees usually record observed traits rather than directly measured genotypes.
X-linked inheritance : Inheritance of traits caused by variants in genes on the X chromosome. Differences between males and females can reveal this chromosome-linked pattern.
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