Penile cancer

Penile cancer is a malignancy arising in the tissues of the penis. Most cases are squamous cell carcinomas originating in the skin or mucosal lining.

Squamous cell carcinoma: A cancer arising from squamous epithelial cells that line surfaces and organs. It accounts for most penile cancers and includes several distinct tumor patterns.
Biopsy: The removal of tissue for microscopic examination to diagnose disease. A tissue sample establishes the diagnosis and identifies the tumor type.
Phimosis: A condition in which the foreskin cannot be fully retracted over the glans penis. Persistent phimosis is associated with increased penile cancer risk.
Erythroplasia of Queyrat: A red, velvety form of penile intraepithelial neoplasia affecting the glans or inner foreskin. It is a named in-situ presentation of squamous neoplasia on penile mucosa.
Body image: A person's perceptions, thoughts, and feelings about their own body. Visible lesions and genital surgery can alter body image.
Human papillomavirus: A group of viruses that infect epithelial cells; some types cause cancers. Persistent high-risk HPV infection contributes to a subset of penile tumors.
Partial penectomy: Surgical removal of part of the penis, usually leaving a functional penile stump. It is an option for selected invasive tumors when organ preservation is feasible.
Smoking and cancer: The relationship between tobacco exposure and cancers caused or promoted by tobacco carcinogens. Tobacco use is a recognized risk factor for penile cancer.
Bowen disease: Squamous cell carcinoma in situ presenting as a persistent, well-defined skin lesion. On penile skin, this pattern represents noninvasive squamous neoplasia.
Sexual dysfunction: Difficulty with sexual desire, arousal, performance, or satisfaction. Tumor effects and treatment may change sexual function and intimacy.

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