Permian

The Permian is a geologic period spanning about 299 to 252 million years ago, between the Carboniferous and Triassic. It ended with Earth’s largest known mass extinction.

Permian–Triassic extinction event: A mass extinction about 252 million years ago that eliminated most marine species and many terrestrial species. This catastrophic event marks the Permian’s end.
Pangaea: A supercontinent that assembled during the late Paleozoic and began breaking apart in the Mesozoic. Its vast interior and surrounding coastlines shaped Permian climates and habitats.
Geologic time scale: A chronological framework dividing Earth’s history into nested eons, eras, periods, and smaller units. The Permian is one named interval within this hierarchy.
Roderick Murchison: A Scottish geologist who named the Permian after studying rocks in the Russian region of Perm. His 1841 work established the period’s name and initial geological framework.
Siberian Traps: A vast region of volcanic rocks in Siberia formed by enormous eruptions around the Permian–Triassic boundary. Their eruptions are a leading explanation for the climate disruption that ended the period.
Siberian Traps volcanism: A prolonged episode of flood-basalt eruptions in Siberia near the Permian–Triassic boundary. Volcanic gases may have driven rapid warming and ocean disruption at the period’s close.
Cisuralian: The first and oldest series of the Permian, spanning its Early Permian portion. It names the Permian’s opening subdivision.
Perm Krai: A historical region in western Russia whose rocks supplied the name Permian. The period takes its name from this region’s geological sequences.
Zechstein: A late Permian sequence of evaporites and other sedimentary rocks deposited in the northern European basin. Its salt deposits record the restricted seas and arid conditions of the late Permian.
Carbon cycle: The movement of carbon among the atmosphere, oceans, living things, and rocks. Carbon release and storage help explain Permian climate change and extinction pressures.

Linked from 55 pages