Peronism

Peronism is an Argentine political movement founded by Juan Perón that combines labor mobilization, economic nationalism, and social welfare policies. Its competing factions and changing forms have made it a durable, internally diverse force in Argentine politics.

Juan Perón: An Argentine military officer and politician who served as president from 1946 to 1955 and again from 1973 to 1974. His presidency and political organizing founded the movement.
Justicialist Party: Argentina’s political party founded by Juan Perón, commonly known as the Peronist Party. The party has served as Peronism’s principal electoral organization.
Radical Civic Union: An Argentine political party founded in 1891 that has competed with Peronism for national power. The UCR is Peronism’s longstanding electoral rival and represents a distinct political tradition.
Argentine labor movement: Trade unions and worker organizations that have shaped Argentina’s politics and labor relations. Peronism made organized labor a central force in national political life.
Argentine Revolution of 1943: A military coup that overthrew Argentina’s government in June 1943 and brought new military leaders into power. The coup placed Perón in government and opened his path to national prominence.
Corporatism: A political system that organizes representation through groups such as employers’ associations and trade unions. Perón’s government incorporated organized labor and business into state bargaining.
Anti-Peronism: Political opposition to Peronism in Argentina, encompassing groups with differing ideologies and interests. Its varied coalitions formed in response to Perón’s governments and movement.
Revolución Libertadora: The 1955 military coup that overthrew Juan Perón and began a period of Peronist proscription. The coup transformed Peronism into a movement that endured despite exclusion from power.
October 17, 1945: A mass demonstration in Buenos Aires that secured Juan Perón’s release from detention. The workers’ mobilization became Peronism’s founding popular demonstration.
Import substitution industrialization: An economic strategy that replaces imported goods with domestically produced goods, often using tariffs and state support. Peronist governments promoted domestic industry to reduce reliance on imports.

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