Petronas Towers

The Petronas Towers are twin skyscrapers in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, designed by César Pelli and completed in 1998. They are linked by a skybridge and were the world’s tallest buildings from 1998 to 2004.

César Pelli: César Pelli was an Argentine-American architect known for designing major skyscrapers and cultural buildings. He led the architectural design of the towers.
High-strength concrete: High-strength concrete is concrete engineered to withstand greater compressive stress than conventional mixes. Concrete formed much of the towers’ structural system and suited their demanding vertical loads.
Kuala Lumpur: Kuala Lumpur is the capital and largest city of Malaysia. The towers occupy a prominent site in the city’s commercial center.
World's tallest building: The title of world’s tallest building is awarded to the structure meeting a chosen height criterion at a given time. The towers held the title from 1998 until Taipei 101 surpassed them in 2004.
Skybridge: A skybridge is an elevated passage connecting buildings or parts of a building. The two towers connect through a bridge between the 41st and 42nd floors.
Deep foundation: A deep foundation transfers a structure’s loads to soil or rock well below the surface. The towers stand on deep foundations designed for Kuala Lumpur’s variable ground conditions.
Petronas: Petronas is Malaysia’s state-owned energy company, established in 1974. The company commissioned the towers as its headquarters.
Taipei 101: Taipei 101 is a skyscraper in Taipei, Taiwan, completed in 2004. Its completion ended the Petronas Towers’ reign as the tallest buildings.
Tube structure: A tube structure is a tall-building system in which closely spaced perimeter columns resist lateral loads as a unified tube. The towers use a bundled-tube structural system to resist wind and other forces.
Wind engineering: Wind engineering studies how airflow affects structures and how buildings can be designed to withstand it. Wind forces shaped the towers’ structural design and their occupants’ comfort.

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