Philosophy of artificial intelligence

Philosophy of artificial intelligence examines what AI systems are, whether they can think or know, how they relate to human minds, and what ethical obligations their use creates.

Artificial intelligence: The study and engineering of computational systems that perform tasks associated with intelligence. The field whose nature and limits philosophical inquiry examines.
Turing test: A behavioral test in which a machine’s ability to imitate human conversation is judged by an interrogator. It makes observable performance a proposed criterion for machine intelligence.
Alan Turing: A British mathematician and computer scientist whose work helped establish theoretical computer science. His 1950 essay proposed a behavioral test for machine intelligence.
AI ethics: The study of moral questions raised by designing, deploying, and governing artificial intelligence. It develops the normative side of philosophical inquiry into AI.
Machine consciousness: The possibility that an artificial system could have subjective experience. It asks whether computational performance could ever accompany felt experience.
Mind: The capacities and processes involved in thought, experience, and agency. Accounts of AI often depend on what a mind is.
Chinese room argument: John Searle’s thought experiment arguing that symbol manipulation alone does not produce understanding. It challenges the inference from successful language behavior to comprehension.
John Searle: An American philosopher known for work on language, mind, and social reality. His Chinese room argument contests claims that programs understand.
Algorithmic bias: Systematic and unjust differences in algorithmic outcomes across people or groups. It tests whether AI decisions can be fair when data and design encode disparities.
Moral status of artificial intelligence: The question of whether AI systems can merit moral consideration for their own sake. Its answer depends on contested claims about consciousness, interests, and agency.

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