Phoneutria

Phoneutria is a genus of large, venomous spiders in the family Ctenidae, native to Central and South America. Its species are commonly called wandering spiders or Brazilian wandering spiders.

Phoneutria nigriventer: A large wandering spider species native to South America, studied for its medically significant venom. Its venom is the best-studied example of the genus’s effects on humans.
Phoneutrism: The clinical syndrome caused by envenomation from a Phoneutria spider. It names the human illness associated with bites from this genus.
Ctenidae: A family of hunting spiders that includes Phoneutria and other active, ground-dwelling predators. Phoneutria is classified within this spider family.
Phoneutria keyserlingi: A species of Phoneutria described from South America and associated with the Atlantic Forest region. It represents the genus beyond the frequently discussed P. nigriventer.
Phoneutria fera: A wandering spider species found in northern South America, including parts of the Amazon region. It is another large-bodied species within the genus.
Spider bite: An injury caused when a spider’s chelicerae puncture skin, sometimes injecting venom. Phoneutria bites are one specific kind of spider bite.
Araneae: The order of arthropods comprising all spiders, characterized by silk-producing organs and chelicerae. Phoneutria belongs to the order Araneae.
Phoneutria boliviensis: A wandering spider species distributed in parts of Central and northern South America. Its broad range illustrates the genus’s spread across tropical America.
Spider venom: A mixture of molecules produced by spiders, used chiefly to subdue prey or deter threats. Phoneutria’s prey capture and medical effects arise from its venom.
Antivenom: A preparation of antibodies that neutralizes toxins from venomous animals. Antivenom may be used for severe Phoneutria envenomation.

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