Phosphorus trichloride

Phosphorus trichloride is a colorless, fuming liquid with formula PCl₃. It is a reactive phosphorus(III) compound used chiefly to make organophosphorus compounds and other phosphorus chemicals.

Phosphorus trichloride hydrolysis: The reaction of phosphorus trichloride with water, producing phosphorous acid and hydrogen chloride. Moisture rapidly converts PCl₃ into corrosive acidic products.
Organophosphorus chemistry: The chemistry of compounds containing phosphorus–carbon bonds or phosphorus bonded to organic groups. PCl₃ is a major starting material for building phosphorus–carbon compounds.
Phosphorus: A chemical element with symbol P and atomic number 15, found in several oxidation states and allotropes. The central atom determines PCl₃'s bonding and phosphorus(III) chemistry.
Phosphorus trichloride safety: The precautions and emergency measures associated with handling toxic, corrosive phosphorus trichloride. Fumes and contact with moisture can cause severe corrosive exposure.
Phosphorus trichloride oxidation: The conversion of phosphorus trichloride into phosphorus oxychloride by oxidation. Oxygen changes phosphorus from the +3 to the +5 oxidation state.
Phosphite esters: Esters of phosphorous acid containing P(III) bonded to oxygen and organic groups. Alcohols react with PCl₃ to produce phosphite esters.
Chlorine: A highly reactive halogen element with symbol Cl and atomic number 17. Three chlorine atoms bond to phosphorus in each PCl₃ molecule.
Hydrogen chloride: A colorless, corrosive gas that forms hydrochloric acid when dissolved in water. Hydrolysis of PCl₃ releases hydrogen chloride fumes.
Nucleophilic substitution at phosphorus: A reaction in which a nucleophile replaces a substituent bonded to a phosphorus center. Many PCl₃ reactions replace one or more chlorine atoms at phosphorus.
Phosphonic acids: Organophosphorus acids containing a carbon–phosphorus bond and two P–OH groups. PCl₃ enables routes to phosphonic acids and their derivatives.

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