Pierre de Coubertin

Pierre de Coubertin (1863–1937) was a French educator and historian who founded the modern Olympic movement and helped establish the International Olympic Committee.

Olympic revival: A nineteenth-century movement that sought to revive athletic festivals inspired by ancient Greek competitions. Coubertin drew on earlier revival efforts while developing his own plan for international Games.
Dimitrios Vikelas: A Greek writer and diplomat who became the first president of the International Olympic Committee. Vikelas worked with Coubertin and presided over the committee during the first modern Games.
1896 Summer Olympics: The first modern Olympic Games, held in Athens from April 6 to 15, 1896. Coubertin’s revival became an international sporting event with these inaugural Games.
Olympic Games: An international multisport event held in summer and winter editions under the Olympic Movement. The event is the most visible legacy of the movement Coubertin founded.
Olympic Congress of 1894: A Paris meeting that established the International Olympic Committee and resolved to hold modern Olympic Games. Coubertin organized the congress that made his proposal an institutional project.
William Penny Brookes: An English doctor who founded the Wenlock Olympian Games and promoted athletic competition before 1896. Brookes’s work preceded Coubertin’s campaign and helped establish the modern revival’s context.
Olympic Charter: The codification of the fundamental principles, rules, and organization of the Olympic Movement. The charter institutionalizes principles that Coubertin helped place at the movement’s foundation.
Olympic gender inequality: Unequal access, representation, and treatment of women in Olympic sport and governance. Coubertin’s opposition to women’s Olympic competition left a lasting tension within the movement.
International Olympic Committee: The international organization that governs the Olympic Movement and organizes the Olympic Games. Coubertin helped create the committee and served as its second president.
Alice Milliat: A French sports organizer who campaigned for women’s access to international athletic competition. Her challenge to women’s exclusion exposed limits in Coubertin’s vision of Olympic participation.

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