Piye

Piye was a Kushite king who conquered much of Egypt in the eighth century BCE and founded Egypt’s Twenty-fifth Dynasty. His victory stela records his campaign and submission of rival rulers.

Piye's Victory Stela: A monumental inscription recounting Piye’s campaign in Egypt and the submission of its rulers. Its account traces the campaign by which Piye established authority over Egypt.
Kingdom of Kush: An ancient African kingdom centered in Nubia, south of Egypt, with capitals at Napata and Meroë. Piye ruled Kush before extending its authority into Egypt.
Kashta: A Kushite king who extended influence into Upper Egypt before Piye’s reign. Piye inherited a growing Kushite presence in Egypt from his predecessor.
Third Intermediate Period of Egypt: A period of political decentralization in Egypt between the New Kingdom and Late Period. Piye’s campaigns unfolded amid the divided authority characteristic of this era.
Twenty-fifth Dynasty of Egypt: The Kushite dynasty that ruled Egypt and Kush during the eighth and seventh centuries BCE. Piye’s conquest established this dynasty’s rule over Egypt.
Napata: An ancient city in Nubia that served as a political and religious center of the Kingdom of Kush. Napata was the Kushite royal center associated with Piye’s reign.
Shabaka: A Kushite king of the Twenty-fifth Dynasty who succeeded Piye and ruled Egypt and Kush. His succession continued the dynasty Piye established in Egypt.
Ancient Egyptian kingship: The institution and ideology of pharaonic rule in ancient Egypt. Piye adopted pharaonic titles and practices to claim Egyptian authority.
Kushite conquest of Egypt: The expansion of Kushite political control into Egypt during the eighth century BCE. Piye’s campaign was the decisive early phase of this expansion.
Nubia: A region along the Nile south of ancient Egypt, encompassing parts of present-day Sudan and southern Egypt. Piye’s Kushite homeland lay in this Nile region.

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