Knowra Planned city Planned city A city whose layout and development are shaped by coordinated design rather than evolving solely through incremental growth. Plans may organize streets, land uses, public spaces, and infrastructure.
Urban planning : The process of shaping land use, transport, services, and public space in settlements. It coordinates the decisions that turn a city plan into a built environment.
Brasília : Brazil's capital, inaugurated in 1960 and built around a modernist master plan by Lúcio Costa. Its monumental plan makes the ambitions and limits of a purpose-built capital especially visible.
Hippodamian plan : A regular grid plan associated with the ancient Greek planner Hippodamus of Miletus. It exemplifies an early systematic approach to organizing streets and urban blocks.
Organic city : A city whose street pattern and built form emerge largely through incremental, uncoordinated growth. It contrasts with the deliberate coordination that defines a planned city.
Induced demand : The increase in travel that follows an expansion of transport capacity, often reducing the initial congestion relief. Road-focused plans can generate more driving than their new capacity was meant to accommodate.
Zoning : Rules that regulate how land and buildings may be used and developed. It assigns planned districts different uses and development limits.
Chandigarh : A planned Indian city designed by Le Corbusier and his team after the 1947 partition of India. Its sector-based layout shows how modernist planning organized housing, services, and civic space.
Roman castrum : A standardized Roman military camp, typically organized around intersecting central streets. Its repeatable layout carried military planning principles into some Roman settlements.
New town : A settlement developed under a coordinated plan, often to relieve pressure on a larger city or support regional growth. It is a common planned-city form, usually smaller and more explicitly tied to a growth program.
Urban heat island : The tendency for built-up areas to be warmer than nearby less-developed areas. Street width, building form, vegetation, and materials in a plan affect urban heat.
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