Platform governance

Platform governance is the rules, procedures, and decision-making systems digital platforms use to manage users, content, and interactions. It includes both platform-set policies and the processes that enforce or contest them.

Content moderation: The review and handling of user-generated content under a platform’s policies or legal obligations. It is the most visible way platforms apply rules to content.
Freedom of expression: The right to communicate ideas and information without undue interference. Private moderation decisions can restrict or enable expression online.
Internet governance: The development and application of shared principles, norms, rules, and procedures shaping the internet. Platform governance is one part of the broader governance of the internet.
Procedural justice: The perceived fairness of the procedures used to make and review decisions. Consistent, explainable procedures can make platform decisions more legitimate.
Facebook Oversight Board: An independent body that reviews selected Facebook and Instagram content decisions and issues policy recommendations. Its rulings show one formal attempt to review moderation decisions beyond ordinary appeals.
Terms of service: A contract setting conditions for using a service, including user obligations and the provider’s powers. These agreements formally state many platform rules and enforcement powers.
Algorithmic bias: Systematic and unfair outcomes produced or amplified by algorithmic systems. Automated enforcement can apply rules unevenly across groups and languages.
State regulation of digital platforms: Government laws and regulatory institutions that impose obligations on digital platforms. Public rules can constrain or supplement platforms’ own policies.
Due process: Fair procedures that protect people from arbitrary decisions by an authority. Platform removals and account sanctions raise questions about notice and review.
YouTube Community Guidelines: YouTube’s policies describing content and conduct permitted or restricted on the service. They illustrate how a platform defines standards for a large video ecosystem.

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