Pol Pot

Pol Pot was a Cambodian communist revolutionary who led the Khmer Rouge and served as prime minister of Democratic Kampuchea from 1976 to 1979.

Cambodian genocide: The mass killing, starvation, forced labor, and persecution carried out by the Khmer Rouge in Cambodia from 1975 to 1979. Pol Pot’s government organized and directed the policies that caused these atrocities.
Year Zero: A phrase describing the Khmer Rouge’s attempt to erase Cambodia’s existing society and begin anew after taking power in 1975. It captures the radical social reset Pol Pot’s government sought through evacuation and abolition of institutions.
Cambodian Civil War: The 1970–1975 conflict between the Khmer Republic and communist forces led by the Khmer Rouge. The Khmer Rouge’s victory in this war brought Pol Pot to power.
Ieng Sary: A Khmer Rouge leader and foreign minister of Democratic Kampuchea who was a longtime associate of Pol Pot. He helped build the movement and served in Pol Pot’s government.
Lon Nol: A Cambodian general who led the Khmer Republic from 1970 until its defeat by the Khmer Rouge in 1975. His government was Pol Pot’s immediate rival during the Cambodian Civil War.
Cambodian–Vietnamese War: A conflict from 1978 to 1989 between Vietnam and Democratic Kampuchea, followed by Vietnamese occupation of Cambodia. Border clashes and Khmer Rouge attacks preceded Vietnam’s invasion, which ended Pol Pot’s government.
Forced urban evacuation in Cambodia: The Khmer Rouge’s 1975 expulsion of city populations into rural areas, including the evacuation of Phnom Penh. Pol Pot’s forces began remaking society by driving millions from cities into the countryside.
Khmer Rouge insurgency: The armed campaign by the Khmer Rouge against successive Cambodian governments before its 1975 victory. Pol Pot’s ascent depended on the insurgency he helped lead.
Nuon Chea: A senior Khmer Rouge leader known as Brother Number Two, second in rank to Pol Pot. His authority and role in the regime closely paralleled Pol Pot’s leadership.
Norodom Sihanouk: A Cambodian monarch and political leader who served as king and head of state during several periods of the twentieth century. His shifting alliances with the Khmer Rouge contrasted with their eventual abolition of the monarchy.

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