Politics of Russia

Politics of Russia is the organization and contestation of state power through Russia’s constitutional institutions, political actors, ideologies, and electoral processes.

President of Russia: The head of state of the Russian Federation, elected nationally and endowed with extensive constitutional powers. The presidency is the central office shaping national policy and executive authority.
Dissolution of the Soviet Union: The 1991 breakup of the Soviet Union into independent states, including the Russian Federation. It created the independent state whose institutions and political order developed afterward.
Mikhail Mishustin: A Russian politician and former tax-service head who became prime minister in 2020. As prime minister, he leads the federal government within the presidential system.
Soviet Union: A federal socialist state that existed from 1922 until its dissolution in 1991. Post-Soviet Russia inherited institutions and political legacies while adopting a different constitutional system.
Censorship in Russia: State and regulatory restrictions on media, speech, and access to information in Russia. Controls over information limit public debate and the circulation of opposition views.
Government of Russia: The federal executive body chaired by the prime minister and responsible for implementing domestic policy and managing administration. It carries out policy under a president who sets the government’s principal direction.
Russian Constitution of 1993: The constitution adopted by referendum in December 1993, establishing Russia’s federal institutions and strong presidency. It set the legal framework for the current distribution of state powers.
Valentina Matviyenko: A Russian politician who has chaired the Federation Council since 2011. Her role connects the upper chamber to the federal political leadership.
Liberal democracy: A political system combining competitive elections, civil liberties, rule of law, and constraints on executive power. Its standards provide a point of comparison for assessing Russia’s elections and limits on political competition.
Human rights in Russia: The legal protections and practical conditions affecting fundamental rights in the Russian Federation. Political institutions and enforcement practices determine how rights are protected or restricted.

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Dmitry MedvedevNarrower topic: Medvedev’s offices and influence operated within a system dominated by a strong presidency.