Porus

Porus was a king of the Paurava kingdom in the Punjab who fought Alexander the Great near the Hydaspes River in 326 BCE.

Battle of the Hydaspes: A battle in 326 BCE in which Alexander’s army defeated Porus’s forces near the Hydaspes River. This was the decisive encounter between Porus and Alexander.
Arrian: A second-century Greek historian whose Anabasis of Alexander is a major surviving account of Alexander’s campaigns. His narrative supplies a detailed account of Porus and the Hydaspes battle.
Taxiles: A ruler of Taxila who allied with Alexander during the Macedonian campaign in northwestern India. His alliance with Alexander contrasted with Porus’s resistance.
Alexander's Indian campaign: Alexander’s 327–325 BCE expedition through the northwestern Indian subcontinent, ending after his army refused to advance farther east. Porus’s battle was a pivotal episode in this larger expedition.
Alexander the Great: Macedonian king and military commander who conquered the Persian Empire and campaigned into northwestern India. His invasion brought Porus into direct conflict with a western army.
Diodorus Siculus: A Greek historian of the first century BCE who wrote a universal history in forty books. His account offers a distinct version of Alexander’s encounter with Porus.
Hephaestion: A Macedonian general and close companion of Alexander the Great. Alexander later entrusted him with authority in territories adjoining Porus’s domain.
Hyphasis Mutiny: The refusal of Alexander’s soldiers to cross the Hyphasis River and continue campaigning eastward in 326 BCE. The battle with Porus preceded the army’s decisive refusal to advance farther.
Hydaspes River: A river in the Punjab, now called the Jhelum, and the site of Alexander’s battle with Porus. Its monsoon-swollen crossing shaped the battle’s course.
Quintus Curtius Rufus: A Roman historian whose surviving Latin history recounts Alexander the Great’s campaigns. His narrative preserves another ancient portrayal of Porus’s conduct and stature.

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