Knowra Poverty reduction Poverty reduction Poverty reduction is a sustained decline in the share of people living below a defined poverty threshold, achieved through economic change, public policy, or both.
Conditional cash transfer : A public benefit paid to households on condition that they meet requirements such as school attendance or health visits. These programs combine income support with incentives to use education and health services.
Economic growth : An increase over time in the production of goods and services in an economy. Growth can raise incomes, but its poverty effects depend on who gains from it.
Poverty line : A monetary threshold used to classify people or households as poor. A reduction in poverty depends on which threshold defines who is counted as poor.
Intergenerational mobility : The extent to which people's social or economic positions differ from those of their parents. Persistent poverty reduction can change whether economic advantage and disadvantage pass between generations.
Poverty alleviation : Measures that ease the hardship of poverty without necessarily ending or preventing it. Alleviation can improve living conditions even when fewer people do not cross the poverty line.
Unconditional cash transfer : A cash payment provided without behavioral conditions, often targeted to people with low incomes. It tests whether direct income support can reduce poverty without requiring specified behavior.
Labor market : The system through which workers and employers interact over employment, wages, and working conditions. Employment and wage changes are direct routes through which growth affects household incomes.
Poverty headcount ratio : The share of a population whose income or consumption falls below a specified poverty line. It directly measures the population share named in the definition of poverty reduction.
Child poverty : Poverty experienced by children, measured through household resources or children's unmet needs. Children's exposure to poverty can shape health, education, and later-life outcomes.
Economic development : Long-term improvement in an economy's productivity, institutions, and population's material well-being. Poverty reduction is one outcome of development, not a complete measure of it.
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