Power hammer

A forging machine that repeatedly raises and drops a heavy ram to deform hot or cold metal. Its powered, rapid blows deliver more force and repetition than manual hammering.

Helve hammer: A power hammer whose ram is raised by a pivoting lever, or helve, driven by a cam or equivalent mechanism. Its lever-and-cam drive is one historic way to produce repeated forging blows.
Forging: A metalworking process that shapes metal through compressive force, often while it is hot. Power hammers are machines for applying repeated forging blows.
Industrial Revolution: A period of major economic and technological change driven by mechanized production, beginning in Britain in the eighteenth century. The growth of ironmaking and factories created demand for powered forging.
Blacksmithing: The craft of shaping iron and steel with heat, hammers, and other tools. Small power hammers extend the force and pace of traditional smithing.
Drop forging: A forging method that shapes metal by dropping a hammer or die onto it. It describes a forging process; a power hammer is one machine that can deliver its blows.
Pneumatic hammer: A forging hammer that uses compressed air to move its ram. Compressed air provides the reciprocating force in many compact shop hammers.
Hot working: Plastic deformation of metal above its recrystallization temperature. Heating makes many metals easier to shape under hammer blows.
James Nasmyth: A Scottish engineer and inventor known for developing the steam hammer and other industrial machines. His steam hammer made controlled, heavy forging practical for large industrial work.
Open-die forging: A forging process in which metal is compressed between dies that do not fully enclose it. Hammer blows reshape exposed stock between relatively simple dies.
Hydraulic press: A machine that uses fluid pressure to apply a controlled compressive force. A press forms metal with sustained pressure rather than the hammer's repeated impacts.

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