Power play

A temporary numerical advantage in ice hockey that occurs when an opponent serves a penalty and the penalized team plays with fewer skaters.

Penalty killing: The defensive effort by a shorthanded ice hockey team to prevent the opponent from scoring. The penalized team uses this strategy to withstand the power play.
Power-play unit: A designated group of ice hockey players deployed together to exploit a power play. Coaches assemble units around complementary passing, shooting, and puck-control skills.
Even strength: A game state in which both ice hockey teams have the same number of skaters on the ice. Unlike a power play, even strength offers no penalty-based manpower advantage.
Power-play goal: A goal scored by a team while it has a numerical advantage caused by an opponent’s penalty. It is the direct scoring outcome teams seek during a power play.
Shorthanded situation: A game state in which a team has fewer players on the ice than its opponent because of penalties. A power play is the opponent’s corresponding numerical advantage.
1–3–1 formation: An ice hockey power-play alignment with one player high, three across the middle, and one near the net. It spreads defenders and creates passing lanes to the slot and goal line.
Penalty shot: A one-on-one scoring attempt awarded after certain infractions deny a clear scoring opportunity. It grants an individual chance rather than a sustained numerical advantage.
Power-play percentage: The percentage of a team’s power-play opportunities that result in goals. It measures how effectively a team converts its numerical advantages.
Minor penalty: An ice hockey infraction normally punishable by two minutes in the penalty box. A minor penalty commonly creates a power play that lasts until its time expires or a goal is scored.
Umbrella formation: A power-play alignment with three players high and two positioned near the faceoff circles and net. It supports point shots, lateral passes, and traffic in front of goal.

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