Pratimoksha

The Pratimoksha is a code of monastic training rules recited regularly by Buddhist communities. Its rules define obligations for ordained monks and nuns and procedures for addressing transgressions.

Vinaya: The Buddhist monastic discipline, including rules, procedures, and accounts of their origins. The Pratimoksha is a central rule code within this broader monastic system.
Pātimokkha: The Pali form of the monastic rule code recited in Theravada communities. It is the Theravada counterpart to Pratimoksha codes in other Buddhist traditions.
Dharmaguptaka Vinaya: A Vinaya lineage preserved in Chinese translation and followed by many East Asian monastics. Its Pratimoksha provides the rule code used in much East Asian ordination.
Gautama Buddha: The teacher whose teachings founded Buddhism and whose life is placed in ancient India. Tradition presents monastic rules as arising in response to situations during his lifetime.
Bhikshu: A fully ordained Buddhist monk. The Pratimoksha specifies training rules for fully ordained monks.
Poṣadha: A Buddhist observance associated with communal monastic confession and recitation of discipline. This Sanskrit term names the observance in which Pratimoksha recitation traditionally occurs.
Mūlasarvāstivāda Vinaya: A Buddhist monastic code preserved in Tibetan translation and used in Tibetan traditions. Its Pratimoksha is the principal monastic rule code in Tibetan Buddhism.
First Buddhist Council: A traditional early gathering said to have recited and organized the Buddha’s teachings after his death. Accounts of the council associate Upāli with transmitting monastic discipline.
Bhikshuni: A fully ordained Buddhist nun. The Pratimoksha has a distinct body of rules for fully ordained nuns.
Confession (Buddhism): An acknowledgment of wrongdoing within Buddhist ethical or monastic practice. Monastics disclose certain offenses during the communal observance linked to the code.

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