President of the People's Republic of China

The President of the People's Republic of China is the country’s constitutional head of state, elected by the National People's Congress. The office is distinct from the more powerful Communist Party general secretary and Central Military Commission chairmanships, which have often been held by the same person.

National People's Congress: China’s national legislature and highest organ of state power, which elects the president. It elects the president and can remove the officeholder.
Constitution of the People's Republic of China (1954): The constitution adopted in 1954 that established the People’s Republic’s original formal state institutions. It created the presidency as a distinct state office.
Xi Jinping: A Chinese politician who has served as president and Communist Party general secretary since 2013. He holds the presidency alongside the party’s top post and the military commission chairmanship.
President of the Republic of China: The head of state of the Republic of China, whose government is based in Taiwan. The similar title belongs to a different government and constitutional system.
Constitution of the People's Republic of China: China’s supreme legal document, defining the state’s institutions and their formal powers. It sets out the presidency’s constitutional role and duties.
Liu Shaoqi: A Chinese Communist revolutionary who served as president from 1959 until his political downfall during the Cultural Revolution. His presidency shows how the office could be subordinated to party struggle.
Hu Jintao: A Chinese politician who served as president from 2003 to 2013 and party general secretary from 2002 to 2012. His tenure illustrates the customary transfer of the presidency after a party leadership transition.
President of the United States: The elected head of state and head of government of the United States. Unlike the US president, China’s president is elected by the national legislature and is not its government’s chief executive.
State Council of the People's Republic of China: China’s central government and executive body, headed by the premier. The president formally appoints the premier and other State Council officials.
Cultural Revolution: A political movement launched by Mao Zedong in 1966 that brought upheaval across China. The upheaval helped bring the presidency to abolition in 1975.

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