Presidential term limits

Presidential term limits are legal restrictions on how many terms, or how long, one person may serve as a country's president. They may be imposed by a constitution or statute and vary across countries.

Presidential term: The period for which a president is elected or appointed to hold office. A limit can cap the number of presidential terms or the total time spent in them.
Twenty-second Amendment: The 1951 U.S. constitutional amendment limiting most presidents to election to two terms. It established the United States' nationwide presidential term limit after Franklin D. Roosevelt's four elections.
Executive aggrandizement: The gradual expansion of executive power through legal or institutional changes that weaken constraints. A president may seek to remove term limits as part of a broader effort to entrench executive authority.
Parliamentary system: A system of government in which the executive depends on the confidence of a legislature. Prime ministers usually face political removal and elections rather than fixed presidential term caps.
Consecutive term limit: A rule that bars an officeholder from serving more than a specified number of uninterrupted terms. This design allows a former president to seek office again after leaving for a required interval.
Franklin D. Roosevelt: The 32nd president of the United States, elected to four terms and serving from 1933 until his death in 1945. His unprecedented electoral longevity prompted the U.S. constitutional limit adopted after his presidency.
Democratic backsliding: The gradual weakening of democratic institutions, rights, and political competition. Term-limit removal can signal or enable erosion of constraints on elected leaders.
Presidential system: A system of government with a separately elected president who serves as head of state, head of government, or both. Presidential term limits are a constraint within this broader constitutional form.
Lifetime term limit: A rule that permanently bars a person from holding an office after serving a specified number of terms. Unlike a consecutive-term cap, it prevents a return after an interruption.
Mexico: A federal republic in North America whose president serves one six-year term and cannot be reelected. Its strict nonreelection rule contrasts with systems that permit a second presidential term.

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