Pride

Pride is a self-conscious emotion arising from positive evaluation of one’s achievements, qualities, or group membership. It can motivate confidence and persistence, but also status-seeking or arrogance.

Self-conscious emotions: Emotions that involve evaluating oneself in relation to norms, standards, or other people. Pride depends on evaluating the self, unlike emotions focused only on external events.
Shame: A painful self-conscious emotion involving a sense of personal failure or inadequacy. Shame evaluates the self negatively where pride evaluates it positively.
Achievement motivation: The drive to meet standards of competence and accomplish challenging goals. Pride can reward success and strengthen motivation to achieve.
Jessica Tracy: A psychologist known for research on pride, self-conscious emotions, and nonverbal expression. Her work helped establish pride as a distinct emotion with recognizable expressions.
LGBTQ pride: Affirmation of LGBTQ+ identities and communities, often expressed through public celebration and advocacy. It recasts pride as resistance to stigma and affirmation of equal dignity.
Attribution theory: A family of theories explaining how people infer causes for behavior and events. Pride often follows success attributed to one’s own ability or effort.
Guilt: A self-conscious emotion focused on having caused harm or violated a moral standard. Guilt concerns a particular action; pride concerns valued success or qualities.
Collective identity: A person’s sense of belonging to and identification with a social group. Group pride expresses positive evaluation of a shared identity.
Richard Robins: A psychologist whose research includes personality, self-esteem, and self-conscious emotions. His research with Jessica Tracy examined distinct forms and functions of pride.
Dignity: The inherent worth of a person, grounding claims to respect and humane treatment. Pride can express a refusal to accept humiliation or deny one’s worth.

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