Pro-Europeanism

Pro-Europeanism is support for European integration, cooperation among European countries, or stronger political and economic ties within Europe. Its meaning ranges from practical cooperation to a shared political project.

European Coal and Steel Community: A 1951 organization that placed French and West German coal and steel production under shared authority. Its pooling of strategic industries made early integration a practical postwar project.
European integration: The process through which European states coordinate policies, share institutions, or transfer authority to common bodies. It is the broad political process that pro-Europeanism supports.
Euroscepticism: Doubt, criticism, or opposition toward European integration or the European Union. It is the broadest political counterposition to support for deeper European ties.
Single European Act: A 1986 treaty that set a deadline for completing the European Community's internal market and expanded majority voting. It accelerated economic integration and strengthened common decision-making.
Treaty of Rome: The 1957 treaties establishing the European Economic Community and the European Atomic Energy Community. It created the common-market framework that gave integration a lasting institutional direction.
Supranationalism: A system in which states give common institutions authority to make decisions binding on their members. It explains how integration can reach beyond voluntary cooperation between governments.
Nationalism: A political ideology that prioritizes the interests, identity, or sovereignty of a nation. Nationalist politics often resist authority or allegiance shared across European states.
Schengen Agreement: An agreement that removed routine internal border checks among participating European countries. It made freedom of movement a tangible result of European cooperation.
European Economic Community: A regional organization founded in 1957 to build a common market among its member states. Its expansion from economic cooperation became a central strand of pro-European politics.
Intergovernmentalism: A form of cooperation in which national governments retain control over joint decisions. It offers a less centralized model that many pro-Europeans accept or prefer.

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