Process theology

Process theology understands God and the world as dynamically related, drawing on process philosophy. It typically holds that God influences every event without unilaterally determining it and is affected by the world in return.

Process philosophy: A philosophical tradition that treats change, becoming, and relations as fundamental features of reality. Its account of reality as ongoing becoming provides process theology’s philosophical foundation.
Persuasion: Influence that offers possibilities or reasons without coercively determining another’s response. Process theology describes God’s action as persuasive rather than as unilateral control over events.
Charles Hartshorne: An American philosopher who developed process metaphysics and a dipolar conception of God. He gave Whitehead’s philosophical ideas a systematic theological form.
Classical theism: The tradition that describes God as ultimate, unchanging, and independent of the created world. Process theology rejects or revises several classical claims about divine immutability and independence.
Problem of evil: The challenge of reconciling the existence of evil with claims about God’s goodness and power. Process theology answers the challenge partly by denying that God can prevent every evil unilaterally.
Alfred North Whitehead: A British mathematician and philosopher who developed process philosophy and coauthored Principia Mathematica. His metaphysics supplied the framework Charles Hartshorne and others developed into process theology.
Primordial nature of God: In Whitehead’s theology, God’s ordering of possibilities into a relevant field of potential forms. This divine aspect makes possibilities available for events to realize.
John B. Cobb Jr.: An American theologian and philosopher who helped establish process theology as a modern theological movement. His books and teaching brought process theology to a wider theological audience.
Divine omnipotence: The doctrine that God has unlimited power to accomplish anything logically possible. Process theology denies that God can unilaterally determine every event.
Prayer: A practice of communicating or relating to the divine through words, thought, or ritual. A responsive God makes prayer meaningful as a relationship that can affect divine experience.

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