Public Enemy

Public Enemy is an American hip-hop group formed in 1985, known for politically charged lyrics, forceful performances, and dense, sample-based production.

Chuck D: Chuck D is an American rapper and co-founder of Public Enemy, known for his commanding voice and politically focused lyrics. His forceful delivery and writing define the group's public voice.
Yo! Bum Rush the Show: Yo! Bum Rush the Show is Public Enemy's 1987 debut album, introducing its confrontational lyrics and emerging production style. The debut shows the group's approach before its best-known sonic innovations.
Sampling (music): Sampling is the reuse of recorded sound within a new musical composition or performance. The group's producers built dense tracks by layering fragments from existing recordings.
Long Island: Long Island is a densely populated island in southeastern New York, east of New York City. Public Enemy formed in Long Island communities and developed within the region's hip-hop scene.
Political rap: Political rap is hip-hop whose lyrics address political institutions, social inequalities, or public action. Public Enemy helped make explicit political argument central to mainstream rap.
Flavor Flav: Flavor Flav is an American rapper and co-founder of Public Enemy, known for comic interjections and energetic stage presence. His exuberant persona counterpoints Chuck D's serious political address.
It Takes a Nation of Millions to Hold Us Back: It Takes a Nation of Millions to Hold Us Back is Public Enemy's 1988 album, widely regarded as a landmark of political hip-hop. Its urgent performances and layered production crystallized the group's method.
Loop (music): A musical loop is a segment of sound repeated to create a continuous pattern or accompaniment. Repeated fragments supplied the insistent rhythmic beds beneath the group's vocals.
Rick Rubin: Rick Rubin is an American record producer who co-founded Def Jam Recordings and produced Public Enemy's debut album. His label and production work connected the group to Def Jam's early roster.
Do the Right Thing: Do the Right Thing is Spike Lee's 1989 film about racial tension in a Brooklyn neighborhood during a summer heat wave. Its use of “Fight the Power” tied the group to a landmark film about race.

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