Punjabi language

Punjabi is an Indo-Aryan language spoken chiefly in Pakistan’s Punjab province and India’s Punjab state, with substantial diaspora communities worldwide. It is written mainly in Shahmukhi in Pakistan and Gurmukhi in India.

Gurmukhi: Gurmukhi is an Indic script used chiefly to write Punjabi in India. It is the standard script for Punjabi in India.
Prakrit: Prakrit is a group of Middle Indo-Aryan languages and literary varieties used in ancient and medieval South Asia. Middle Indo-Aryan speech forms provide historical background to Punjabi’s development.
Punjabi literature: Punjabi literature is the body of poetry, prose, drama, and oral writing composed in Punjabi. Written and oral works have preserved and reshaped Punjabi across centuries.
Urdu: Urdu is an Indo-Aryan language and Pakistan’s national language, written in a Perso-Arabic script. Urdu shares Shahmukhi’s script tradition in Pakistan but is a distinct language.
Shahmukhi: Shahmukhi is a Perso-Arabic script used chiefly to write Punjabi in Pakistan. It is the principal script for Punjabi across Pakistan’s Punjab province.
Lahnda languages: Lahnda is a grouping of Indo-Aryan varieties spoken mainly in western Punjab and neighboring regions. Its varieties occupy the western linguistic continuum adjoining Punjabi.
Punjabi music: Punjabi music is music associated with Punjabi-speaking communities, including folk and popular traditions. Punjabi lyrics and performance circulate widely through regional and diaspora music.
Hindi: Hindi is an Indo-Aryan language spoken chiefly in India and commonly written in Devanagari. Hindi and Punjabi are neighboring Indo-Aryan languages with distinct grammar and literary traditions.
Punjabi phonology: Punjabi phonology is the system of sounds and sound patterns used in Punjabi. Its tonal contrasts distinguish Punjabi pronunciation from many neighboring Indo-Aryan languages.
Punjabi dialects: Punjabi dialects are regional varieties of Punjabi with differing pronunciation, vocabulary, and grammar. Regional varieties show how speech differs across the Punjabi-speaking area.

Linked from 16 pages